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Stuttering

When It Becomes a Problem

By Kimberly Austin

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Learning to connect thoughts with words can be a difficult process. Children often stumble over words, or say "uh," "um" and "er." Sometimes the problem develops into something more serious, such as a stuttering problem.

Ellen Kelly, an associate professor of speech and language pathology at Purdue University, says parents should be aware of certain signsthat may indicate a stuttering problem.

"If you hear things like, 'la-la-la-la-like that,' or 'I-I-I-I-I-I,' or 'm-m-m-m-mommy,' keep an eye on it. Even if it's very mild, just keep an eye on it," she says.

Parents also should look for facial grimaces, because children feel like the words are getting stuck in their throat or mouth when they stutter. Kelly says some kids say they have a frog in their throat when they stutter.

 

When and Why Does It Happen?
During childhood development, an estimated five to 10 percent of all children will go through a stuttering stage. This stage usually occurs during the ages of 2 and 5. The onset could occur well after the preschool years, up to age 7.

 

"The average age of onset is 4, and it tends to be earlier in girls than in boys," Kelly says. "This could be because girls develop language earlier than boys."

According to the Stuttering Foundation of America, stuttering affects four times as many males as females. But researchers, after years of testing, do not know what causes stuttering. They do believe that stuttering results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

"We think there is something inherited," Kelly says. "In at least 50 percent of people who stutter there is a strong family history of stuttering, especially in those people for whom it becomes chronic or long term."

Many people believe that a traumatic event or high stress can cause stuttering. Although it is unlikely, a traumatic event or stress could cause stuttering. "It is rare for stuttering to be caused by stress or trauma, but certainly that can trigger and exacerbate the stuttering," Kelly says.

The stress can be positive or negative. For example, positive stress like the excitement of a birthday party, people coming to visit or a vacation can trigger stuttering. Negative stress like a parent losing his job also can trigger stuttering.

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